Maryland NFA Laws

Maryland allows suppressor ownership and has no separate state approval beyond the federal process. However, Maryland requires a Handgun Qualification License (HQL) for handgun purchases and applies a Regulated Firearms designation to many semi-automatic long guns — but these do not directly bar NFA ownership. SBRs present complexity: Maryland's assault weapon statute restricts certain rifle configurations; some attorney guidance is to confirm the specific firearm is not separately banned before completing an SBR tax stamp. Pre-1986 machine guns are legal. Hunting with suppressors is permitted.

NFA item legality in Maryland

  • Suppressors: Legal
  • Short-barreled rifles (SBRs): Restricted
  • Short-barreled shotguns (SBSs): Restricted
  • Machine guns (pre-1986 transferable): Legal
  • Hunting with a suppressor: Permitted

State requirements

  • No separate state suppressor permit required.
  • Verify the host firearm for an SBR is not independently prohibited under Maryland's regulated-firearms laws before converting.
  • Maryland State Police dealer and transfer regulations apply to all NFA transfers.

Recent Maryland legislation

  • SB 1 (2023) (2023, passed): Expanded Maryland's assault weapons statute; SBR owners should confirm no overlap with banned-configuration lists.

Frequently asked questions

Are suppressors legal in Maryland?

Yes. Suppressors are legal in Maryland for residents who complete the federal NFA process (ATF Form 4, $200 tax stamp, background check). Hunting with a suppressor is also permitted.

Are short-barreled rifles (SBRs) legal in Maryland?

Short-barreled rifles are restricted in Maryland — additional state-level requirements or limitations apply. See the state requirements above.

Are machine guns legal in Maryland?

Transferable machine guns registered before May 19, 1986 are legal to own in Maryland after ATF Form 4 approval. No new machine guns can be registered to civilians under federal law (the Hughes Amendment).

Do I need a state permit for NFA items in Maryland?

Yes — Maryland imposes requirements beyond the federal NFA process. Review the state requirements listed on this page and verify with a qualified attorney.

Last reviewed 2026-07-04. This is general information, not legal advice — verify with the ATF or a qualified attorney.

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